Returns Season: Support Staffing for a 15.8% Return Rate

Retail returns season A support event with a predictable date, a predictable volume and a predictable shape. The retail returns season lands in the month support teams are smallest. $849.9bnReturned to US retailers in 2025, 15.8% of annual sales (NRF) 19.3%Of online sales came back, against 15.8% across all channels 9%Of all returns were fraudulent, […]

Retail returns season

A support event with a predictable date, a predictable volume and a predictable shape. The retail returns season lands in the month support teams are smallest.

$849.9bnReturned to US retailers in 2025, 15.8% of annual sales (NRF)
19.3%Of online sales came back, against 15.8% across all channels
9%Of all returns were fraudulent, on NRF’s 2025 measure

Returns get planned by the logistics team and absorbed by the support team. Warehouse capacity, carrier contracts, restocking labour and disposition rules all get a budget line and a project owner. The contact volume that every return generates gets handled by whoever is left on the rota in January.

The numbers are not small. The National Retail Federation’s 2025 Retail Returns Landscape, produced with Happy Returns, put total US returns at $849.9 billion, equal to 15.8% of annual sales. Online returns ran at 19.3%. Retailers expected 17% of holiday sales specifically to come back. Those figures are for 2025; the 2026 edition had not been published at the time of writing.

This post treats returns as what they also are: a support event, with a predictable shape, landing in the month most retail support teams have just shrunk.

What a single return actually generates

A return is rarely one contact. It is a chain, and the length of the chain is a design decision rather than a fact of nature.

Stage 01EligibilityRemovableCan I return this, and by when? Removed by a clear policy at point of purchase and in the order confirmation.
Stage 02InitiationRemovableHow do I start the return? Removed by a self-service returns portal.
Stage 03LogisticsMostly removableWhere do I send it, and who pays? Removed by a prepaid label or a drop-off network.
Stage 04In transitRemovableHave you received it yet? Removed by proactive receipt notification.
Stage 05DispositionPartly humanWas it accepted, and in what condition? Condition disputes need a person.
Stage 06RefundPartly humanWhen do I get my money? The angriest contact in the chain. Faster refunds beat better messaging.

Six stages, each capable of generating a contact. A well-designed returns experience produces perhaps one contact per ten returns. A poorly designed one produces two or three contacts per return. The difference between those two operations is not staffing, and no amount of support headcount closes it.

Why January is the worst-staffed month in retail support

The sequence is familiar and it repeats every year.

  1. Seasonal agents are recruited in September and October and trained through November.
  2. Peak sales volume lands from late November through December, and the team is sized for it.
  3. Contracts end in the first or second week of January, because the sales peak has passed.
  4. The returns wave arrives from late December through February, into a team that has just lost a third of its capacity.

The mismatch exists because returns coverage is planned against the sales calendar rather than the returns calendar. Returns lag purchase by 20 to 60 days depending on your return window, which puts the peak of the returns contact wave several weeks after the peak of the sales event that caused it.

The planning fix is one line in the contract

If seasonal capacity is staffed at all, staff a portion of it to the end of February rather than the second week of January. It costs less than rehiring, and it keeps trained agents on the contacts that are hardest to handle cold: refund timing and condition disputes involving a customer who has already waited.

Return fraud, and the agent caught in the middle

NRF’s 2025 research found 9% of all returns were fraudulent. Appriss Retail separately put the cost of fraudulent returns and claims at $103 billion in 2024. The same NRF research found 45% of consumers think it is acceptable to bend the rules on returns, and 82% say free returns matter to where they shop.

Those figures describe a genuine tension rather than a solvable problem. Tighten the policy and you lose customers who value free returns. Loosen it and you fund the 9%. The support team lives inside that tension on every call.

What to give agents instead of discretion

  • A decision rule, not a judgement call. Define the value and frequency thresholds at which a return goes to review, and let agents apply the rule rather than assess the customer.
  • Customer history on the screen. An agent deciding a condition dispute without return history is guessing. This is an integration requirement, not a training one.
  • A named escalation route that resolves inside 24 hours. Reviews that sit for a week convert a suspicious return into a furious customer who may well have been legitimate.
  • Explicit permission to approve below a threshold. The cost of investigating a low-value return usually exceeds the value of the item. Say so in policy rather than leaving agents to work it out.

What returns costs to process, and why the support line is invisible

The most cited figure on returns processing cost comes from a CBRE and Optoro study reported in December 2021: $33 to process a return on a $50 item, or 66% of the item’s retail price. It is five years old and should be labelled as such whenever it is used. Newer per-vertical tables circulating online have no research behind them and should not be cited at all.

What no published figure covers is the support cost inside that number. Two to four contacts per return, at a fully loaded cost per contact of around $7, is $14 to $28 of support cost on a single return. On a $50 item, that is potentially more than the logistics cost of moving it back. Our piece on cost per contact shows how to calculate your own figure, so you can put a real number against your own return volume.

Automate the queue, keep the exceptions

Contact typeAutomate?Reasoning
Return eligibility and window checkYesDeterministic. The answer is in the order record
Return initiation and label generationYesHigh volume, no judgement required, and customers prefer self-service for it
Return receipt confirmationYes, proactivelyRemoves the contact rather than handling it
Refund statusYes for status, no for disputesStatus is a lookup. A dispute about timing is a retention conversation
Condition disputesNoJudgement, evidence, and a customer who feels accused
Fraud review outcomesNoNever deliver a fraud decision through automation
Second contact on any of the aboveNoA repeat contact means the first attempt failed. Route to a tenured agent

Metrics that tell you whether returns support is working

MetricDefinitionWhat it exposes
Return contact ratioSupport contacts divided by returns processedWhether your returns experience is self-service or not. Target well below 1.0
Refund cycle timeReturn receipt to refund issuedThe single largest driver of returns contact volume
Repeat contact rate on returnsShare of return contacts that are a second or later touchWhether the first contact actually resolved anything
Return contact cost per orderReturn contact volume x cost per contact, divided by ordersLets you put returns support into unit economics alongside logistics
Dispute rate and overturn rateShare of returns disputed, and share of disputes decided for the customerA high overturn rate means your decision rules are wrong, not that agents are soft

A retail returns season coverage plan, in six decisions

January returns readinessRate 1 to 5
Returns contact volume forecast built from the sales forecast plus your actual return rate and return window1  2  3  4  5
Seasonal capacity end date set against the returns wave, not the sales peak1  2  3  4  5
Refund cycle time measured, with a target, and owned by a named person1  2  3  4  5
Self-service returns initiation live and tested at peak load1  2  3  4  5
Proactive return receipt notification live1  2  3  4  5
Fraud decision rules documented, with thresholds, so agents apply rather than judge1  2  3  4  5
Return history visible on the agent desktop1  2  3  4  5
Escalation route for disputes resolving inside 24 hours1  2  3  4  5
Repeat-contact routing to tenured agents configured1  2  3  4  5
Return contact ratio and refund cycle time on the January reporting pack1  2  3  4  5

Retail returns season: the short version

Returns are a support event with a predictable date, a predictable volume and a predictable shape, and they land in the month retail support teams are smallest. Forecast the wave from your own return rate and return window, keep trained capacity through February rather than January, remove the four contact stages that are removable by design, and keep the two that are not in front of your most experienced agents.

Returns contact volume estimator

Returns are planned as a logistics cost and absorbed as a support cost. This estimates the support side: how many contacts your returns generate, what they cost, and how many agents the January wave needs.

Your business
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Support model
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January agents needed for returns alone
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MeasureAnnualJanuary wave
Contacts per return is the input that moves this model most. A returns experience with self-service initiation, proactive receipt notification and fast refunds runs well below 1.0. One without them runs at 2 to 3. Measure your own rather than accepting the default.
Return rate defaults: NRF and Happy Returns, 2025 Retail Returns Landscape, 15 October 2025 (19.3% of online sales returned; 17% of holiday sales expected returned). Cost per contact default is derived from BLS wage and benefits data. Contacts per return and the January share are practitioner estimates and should be replaced with your own figures.
Plan your January returns coverage

Plan your January returns coverage with Centro. Bookings close 15 December for a January start.

Plan your returns coverage

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